A Family’s Perspective – “The Brutality of Sepsis will Haunt Us for the Rest of Our Lives”
What Can Ease Digestion After A Gall Bladder Removal?
Can you eat what you like when you have just had your gallbladder out?
The surgeon said I could, but I am having terrible digestive problems and feel extremely nauseous most of the time.
Anything you could suggest would be extremely useful, thanks.
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Surgery is the primary treatment for localized bladder cancer (bladder cancer that has not spread). The type of surgery recommended depends on where your bladder cancer is located (which cells are affected) as well as the size of the cancer and how far it has spread.[2]
Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT) TURBT is a minimally invasive surgery that's an option for early-stage bladder cancer. It's the most common treatment for superficial bladder cancer, also called non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (meaning the cancer hasn't grown into the muscle layer). Most people with bladder cancer have this type when they're first diagnosed, so this is usually the first treatment.[3]
TURBT is performed while you're under general anesthesia (fully asleep) or regional anesthesia (only the lower part of your body is numbed). Your surgeon will insert a thin tube with a camera (called a resectoscope) through your urethra to visualize the inside of your bladder. The device has a wire loop at the end to remove any abnormal tissues or tumors.[3]
If necessary, your surgeon may recommend a follow-up TURBT to use an electrical current to destroy the area where the tumor was removed (called fulguration). A high-energy laser can also be used. Both methods are done through the resectoscope.[3]
Cystectomy This surgery is the removal of part or all of the bladder. It's recommended for people with aggressive cancer (one that grows or spreads quickly) or cancer affecting the muscle layer of the bladder wall.[3]
You may be eligible for a partial cystectomy (in which only part of your bladder is removed) if the cancer is relatively small, localized to one area, and easily accessible.[4] During a partial cystectomy your surgeon will remove the parts of the bladder wall and muscle layer where the cancer has invaded along with nearby lymph nodes. With this procedure you will keep your bladder, though it will be smaller and cause you to urinate more frequently. This procedure isn't used very often because there's a chance that the cancer will occur in other parts of the bladder.
[3]
If your tumor is larger or in more than one area of the bladder, you will probably need a radical cystectomy to remove all of your bladder, potentially along with nearby organs, such as the prostate and seminal vesicles in men and the uterus, ovaries, and part of the vagina in women.[2]
For the radical cystectomy, your surgeon may perform an open surgery that requires a long incision in the belly. Alternatively, your surgeon may opt for laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive or "keyhole" surgery. This is performed through several smaller incisions using an instrument called a laparoscope, sometimes with the assistance of robotic arms.[3]
Because your entire bladder is removed during a radical cystectomy, you will need reconstructive surgery to give your body another way to store urine and pass it out of your body. There are three main types of reconstructive surgery:[3]
How Kidney Stones Play Havoc With Your Back
BHUBANESWAR: Ipsita Singh was experiencing recurring back pain, and multiple visits to an orthopedician did not show any visible improvement even after a couple of months of treatment. The 45-year-old banker was evaluated by multiple doctors, but they were unable to diagnose her problem correctly. However, an ultrasound of her abdomen followed by a CT scan revealed two large stones in her kidney that were not visible on a conventional X-ray.
The stones were removed with laser surgery, and with that, her back pain vanished. Kidney stones (or urolithiasis) are becoming increasingly prevalent in India. Epidemiological studies show that the prevalence of kidney stones in the country is about 12%, with more men being affected than women. It is relatively more common in the northern states of India, where the prevalence rate is 15% or higher.
Dr Samir Swain, head of urology at SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, said north India reports more renal stone cases due to the hot and arid climate, while coastal states have a relatively lower prevalence. "It is more prevalent in states like Maharashtra, Punjab, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.
Men are more affected than women, and the condition tends to peak between the ages of 20 and 50 years. The rising incidence is linked to lifestyle changes such as increased consumption of a high-sodium diet, dehydration due to hot climate, and urbanisation," he said. As the factors behind kidney stones are multifarious, the chances of recurrence are high regardless of treatment.
Around 98% of patients may develop another stone within 25 years of the first episode. The most common types of stones are calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, and struvite, in addition to cystine stones. Calcium oxalate stones are the most common, accounting for about 70% of all kidney stones.
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